Determine System Design Capacity

When planning an efficient automatic irrigation system, you must first determine the correct Sprinkler System Design Capacity — how much water is available for residential irrigation. If the system will be installed using city water, follow the steps below. If the water will be drawn from a lake or well, your Hunter dealer or the pump installer will have the specifications for pressure and volume.

1. Water pressure (bar; kPa)
   To check the water pressure, attach a pressure gauge to the outside faucet closest to the water meter (Figure 1). Make sure that no other water is flowing at the residence. Turn on the faucet and record the number on the first line in the right hand column below. This is the static water pressure in bar; kPa.
2. Water volume (l/min)
   To determine the volume of water available for the system, you need two pieces of information:
   1. What size is the water meter?
      The water meter will generally have the size stamped on the meter body. The most common sizes for residential meters are 15 mm, 20 mm, and 25 mm. In some areas, the water is connected directly to the city main without the use of the water meter. In these cases, simply enter the size of the service line in the space provided.
   2. What size is the service line?
      Measure the outside circumference of the pipe that runs from the city main to the house. An easy way to do that is to wrap a piece of string around the pipe, measure the string, and use the table to the right to convert the string length to pipe size.

Figure 1: To check water pressure, attach a pressure gauge to the outside faucet nearest the water meter. A pressure gauge can be obtained from your local Hunter dealer.

Service Line Size
Approx. String Length	7 cm	8.25 cm	9 cm	10.5 cm	11 cm	13.5 cm
Copper Pipe	20 mm		25 mm		32 mm
Galvanized Pipe		20 mm		25 mm		32 mm
PVC Pipe Size		20 mm		25 mm		32 mm

3. System Design Capacity
   1. Using the System Design Capacity Chart below, locate the three numbers you just recorded to determine the Sprinkler System Design Capacity in litres per minute (l/min). Record this number in the l/min box below.
   2. Next, locate your system’s static pressure and move down that column and find the system’s working pressure; record it in the bar; kPa box below. Working pressure will be used when choosing sprinkler heads and designing the system.

You have now established the maximum l/min and the approximate working pressure available for the sprinkler system. Exceeding these maximums may result in inefficient watering or a condition referred to as water hammer, which could cause serious damage to the system. These two numbers will be used in the design process.

Note: Service lines are based on 30 m of thick-walled PVC. Deduct 7.6 l/min for copper pipe. Deduct 19 l/min for new galvanised pipe.

Working pressure is the approximate working pressure at the head, and should be used only as a guide when choosing the proper sprinkler heads and designing the system. The numbers in the Design Capacity Chart are based on generally accepted flow rates (velocity). In some cases, designers increase the velocity in copper pipe only from the accepted 2.3 metres per second (mps) to 2.75 metres per second (mps). If you do not deduct the 7.6 l/min for copper pipe, the rate is approximately 2.7 metres per second (mps). The friction loss is substantially increased at this velocity, and the working pressure will be affected. In order to use numbers in the chart, the length of copper service line should not exceed 15 m if you decide not to deduct the 7.6 l/min.